[Bernd Bussler]

I’m thinking like Peter. Without humic it is certainly, but just not necessarily good. I for one think that I could not breed as many Paros without humic substances. I also tried it on several occasions with no peat, with some, such linkei works quite well, but most other species need at least one Torfzusatz. That depends, I think, along with the germ load, no humic = many germs, and these prevent the egg fertilization, humic substances prevent high bioburden. Germs clog the capillaries of the egg so that the sperm no change has ever to penetrate into the egg before. So I have learned again on a VDA seminar 🙂